Deep Dive

Visual Git Deep Dive: The Object Graph, Refs, and How Commits Actually Work

8 interactive labs
Updated Jan 2026

See the Invisible

Interactive simulators visualize what's hidden from view.

Hands-On Labs

Step through executions tick by tick. Manipulate state.

Why, Not Just What

Deep architectural understanding for mid-senior developers.

AI Sandbox Lab

Real-world scenarios. Find the flaws AI misses.

The AI Era Demands More

Become the Engineer Who Supervises AI

As AI generates more code, understanding what that code does becomes more valuable, not less. Someone must verify AI output, debug failures, and make architectural decisions.

Build Your Architectural Edge

Stop Memorizing Git Commands. Start Understanding What They Do.

You've used Git for years. You can commit, branch, merge, and rebase. But when something goes wrong, you're asking ChatGPT for flags or copying commands you don't fully trust. That uncertainty comes from a gap: you know the commands but not the machinery underneath.

The Knowledge Gap Holding You Back

You run git reset --hard and pray nothing important disappears. You don't know what "hard" actually resets versus "soft" or "mixed."

"Detached HEAD state" triggers panic. You're not sure where your commits go or how to recover them if you checkout somewhere else.

"Don't rebase shared branches" is a rule you follow without understanding why. You can't explain what rebase actually does to commits at the object level.

You can't predict whether a merge will fast-forward or create a merge commit. The graph structure that determines this remains invisible to you.

See What's Invisible: Interactive Simulators for Git's Object Graph

Reading about blobs, trees, and parent pointers is one thing. Watching them form in real-time as you build commits is another. This course uses custom interactive simulators that visualize the object graph, show refs as the simple pointers they are, and animate what checkout, reset, merge, and rebase do to HEAD, the index, and the working directory. You'll see the directed acyclic graph (DAG) take shape, trace reachability through parent chains, and understand why "changing history" means creating entirely new commit objects.

What You'll Build Mental Models For

Content-Addressing

Git is a content-addressed storage system. Every object is identified by its SHA hash. Identical content produces identical hashes. Objects are immutable: never edited, only created.

Blobs, Trees, Commits

Blobs store file content (not filenames). Trees map names to blobs and subtrees. Commits point to a root tree (the snapshot) plus parent commits (the history). These three object types compose everything.

The DAG & Reachability

Parent pointers form a directed acyclic graph. Traversing parent chains is how git log works. A commit reachable from a branch tip is safe; an unreachable commit is orphaned. This concept underlies reflog recovery and garbage collection.

Refs: Branches, Tags, HEAD

Branches and tags are files containing SHA hashes pointing into the object graph. HEAD is a symbolic ref pointing to a branch (attached) or directly to a commit (detached). Branch creation is writing a 40-character file.

checkout & reset Mechanics

checkout moves HEAD, populates the index from the target tree, and updates working files. reset moves the branch pointer: soft stops there, mixed also resets the index, hard also resets working files. Three distinct layers, three modes.

merge & rebase Internals

Fast-forward slides a pointer when no divergence exists. Three-way merge finds the merge base, compares both tips, creates a two-parent commit. Rebase creates new commit objects with identical diffs but different parent pointers, making originals unreachable.

Course Curriculum

Course Toolkit
Quick Reference Card

Visual cheatsheet

AI Sandbox Lab

Practice verifying AI-generated code

Content-Addressing: How Git Achieves Immutability Through SHA Hashing
Lab: Blobs - How Git Stores File Content Independently of Names
Trees: Git's Directory Snapshot Objects
Lab: Building a Complete Snapshot - Blobs, Trees, and Commit Assembly
Commit Anatomy: Parent Pointers and How History Forms a Graph
Lab: Walking the DAG - How Git Traverses History Through Parent Chains
Refs Decoded: Branches, Tags, and HEAD as Simple Pointers
Lab: HEAD States - Attached, Detached, and the Recovery Path
Lab: checkout Mechanics - How HEAD, Index, and Working Tree Update Together
Lab: reset Mechanics - Moving Branch Pointers and Controlling Scope
Lab: merge Operations - Fast-Forward Slides vs Three-Way Integration
Lab: rebase Mechanics - Replaying Commits onto New Base Commits

Built for Engineers Who Want Architectural Confidence

This course is for mid-level developers ready to close the gap between "I can use Git" and "I understand what Git is doing." It's for senior engineers who want to mentor others with accurate explanations. It's for technical leaders who need to make decisions about Git workflows with full knowledge of the underlying mechanics.

After this course, you'll predict command behavior before running it. You'll recover from mistakes using reflog because you understand reachability. You'll choose between merge and rebase based on what they actually do to the object graph, not convention.

Ready to see what's really happening?

All deep dives included with your subscription. Cancel anytime.